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1492 terms

Glossary

Every term is defined twice: once the way a filing would put it, and once the way somebody would explain it to you across a table. The second one is usually the one that sticks.

Showing 8 terms

Deposit insurance

Regulation & tax

Statutory cover protecting bank deposits up to a prescribed limit, written per depositor per bank rather than per account.

In plain terms

Bank FDs have it; corporate FDs, NCDs, credit societies and NBFC deposits have nothing equivalent, and that gap is most of the yield difference. Six accounts at one bank share one limit — the unit that multiplies the cover is the bank.

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DICGC

Regulation & tax
Also called: Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation

The Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Reserve Bank that insures deposits at covered banks.

In plain terms

Cover is automatic, the bank pays the premium and you cannot opt out. It pays up to the prescribed limit per depositor per bank, net of anything you owe that bank.

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Same right and capacity

Regulation & tax

The test that decides which of your deposits at one bank are added together for deposit insurance.

In plain terms

Money held as an individual, as guardian of a minor, as a partner of a firm or as a trustee sits in different capacities, and each gets its own limit. Four accounts in the same capacity are one pool with one limit.

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Co-operative bank

Market basics

A bank owned by its members and registered under co-operative law, supervised by the banking regulator alongside a co-operative registrar.

In plain terms

Deposit insurance is identical to any other bank. The resolution timetable historically is not — withdrawal caps at failed co-operative banks have lasted years rather than weeks.

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Corporate FD

Market basics

A fixed deposit with a company rather than a bank.

In plain terms

One to two percent more, and no deposit insurance. The extra is the price of credit risk.

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Nidhi company

Market basics

A mutual-benefit company under corporate law that may lend to, and take deposits from, its own members only.

In plain terms

Members-only is not a formality — it is exactly what keeps the entity outside banking supervision. No banking licence, no prudential inspection, no deposit insurance.

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Scheduled bank

Market basics
Also called: Scheduled commercial bank

A bank included in the second schedule to the Reserve Bank of India Act, which gives it access to the central bank’s facilities and the clearing system.

In plain terms

What actually brings the prudential inspection and the deposit insurance is the banking licence, not the schedule. Small finance banks, payments banks and registered co-operative banks hold that licence; societies and nidhis do not, whatever the passbook looks like.

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Small finance bank

Market basics

A licensed bank required to lend largely to small borrowers and underbanked segments, supervised as a bank.

In plain terms

It is a bank, so the deposit insurance is identical up to the same limit. It pays more because it lacks a large cheap deposit base and lends to a riskier segment — not because the statutory cover is different.

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Indian stock market glossary · Market Vidyalaya