Every term is defined twice: once the way a filing would put it, and once the way somebody would explain it to you across a table. The second one is usually the one that sticks.
Showing 46 terms
Abbreviated New Drug Application — the filing a company makes to sell a generic medicine in the US.
Approval lets you compete on price with every other approved maker. The pipeline of pending ANDAs is a generic company’s future revenue.
A recurring automated debit from a bank account — an EMI, a SIP, an insurance premium or a utility mandate.
The point of automating them was to stop thinking about them, which is why they all fail together on their scheduled dates when an account freezes. Knowing which run from which account is a twenty-minute exercise you cannot do in a hurry.
A standing instruction letting a fund house debit your bank account.
Set it just after salary credit so the money leaves before it can be spent.
The bank account details held for you — by your depository participant for demat holdings, or on the folio at the registrar — into which dividends and redemptions are credited.
It does not follow you when you change banks, and it lives in a different place for every folio. A dividend that fails to arrive is usually this record rather than the company.
A short written statement of what a pool of money is for, over what horizon, what it may hold and what the worst year it must survive looks like.
Without one there is no definition of managing somebody’s money well, because there is nothing any outcome can be measured against. A few sentences is enough; the absence is what causes the arguments.
Accounts covering the parent legal entity only.
Subsidiary profit appears only as dividends and subsidiary debt not at all. Rarely the right set.
A loan account on which no amount is overdue beyond the period at which the lender must classify it as non-performing.
The status worth protecting. Almost everything a lender can offer a struggling borrower — a longer tenure, a lower instalment, a transfer to a cheaper lender — is available while the account is standard and stops being available afterwards.
A flat amount subtracted from salary income before tax, requiring no proof or investment.
Free money off your taxable income. ₹75,000 under the new regime, ₹50,000 under the old.
A statistical measure of how widely a series is dispersed around its own average; Bollinger Bands sit two of them either side of a 20-day mean.
It is recomputed every session, which is why the bands widen when a stock turns volatile and contract when it goes quiet. Touching a band means statistically unusual, never expensive.
Restoring a loan account classified as non-performing to standard, which requires payment of the entire arrear of interest and principal.
Not achieved by resuming the instalments, and not achieved by three good months. The whole overdue amount, in one movement, is what does it.
The UPI approval that blocks the application money in your own bank account for an IPO, which must be authorised before the deadline.
The single most common reason applications are rejected, and entirely avoidable. The notification arrives in the UPI app and quietly expires while you are doing something else.
The index or standard against which portfolio performance is measured.
Only meaningful if it reflects what you would otherwise have done. Use total return versions.
A moving average with bands placed a set number of standard deviations above and below.
They define what is statistically normal for this stock — not what is expensive.
Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report — the standardised sustainability and governance disclosure SEBI requires from the largest listed Indian companies.
Almost nobody reads it, and parts of it are ordinary business facts: attrition, safety incidents and regulatory penalties, filed under an ESG heading.
A pivot-level system that places its key support and resistance lines much closer to the previous close than standard pivots, favoured for tight mean-reversion intraday strategies.
A pivot variant with levels hugging the close. Popular for scalping the bounce between tight bands.
Standard chemicals sold in bulk, where buyers choose mainly on price.
Margins follow the global supply cycle and the spread over feedstock.
A mandatory retirement scheme where employee and employer each contribute 12% of basic salary.
Around 8% tax-free and government-backed — the best debt allocation most salaried Indians will ever get, and the one most often forgotten in an asset-allocation sum.
Employees’ Provident Fund — a mandatory retirement savings scheme for salaried employees.
The investment most Indians own before they open a demat account. Count it as the debt part of your allocation.
Environmental, social and governance factors, disclosed in India mainly through the mandatory BRSR filing.
Read it as operational and governance disclosure that happens to sit under this heading. Whether you value sustainability is a separate question from whether attrition and penalties tell you something.
The standards governing conduct beyond what is explicitly enforced.
A workable test: if acting on it requires the other side not to know what you know, do not act.
The scheme categories SEBI mandates, each specifying what a fund must hold — largecap, midcap, smallcap, flexicap, multicap, ELSS, hybrid and index among them.
The label is a legal constraint on holdings, not marketing, which is what makes thousands of schemes comparable. It also fixes the only valid comparison: same category, against the fund's own declared benchmark.
The Indian accounting standard on revenue from contracts with customers, applicable to periods beginning on or after 1 April 2018.
It replaced the separate older standards for construction contracts and revenue. Its central question is whether the customer obtains control over time or at a point in time, which decides when revenue exists at all.
The Indian accounting standard requiring operating leases to be recognised on the balance sheet.
It raised reported debt and EBITDA for retailers and airlines overnight, breaking comparisons across the transition year.
A volatility band drawn a set number of ATRs above and below an exponential moving average — similar to Bollinger Bands but using ATR rather than standard deviation to set the width.
Bands around a moving average, sized by ATR. A steadier cousin of Bollinger Bands.
A standardised statement a lender must give a retail borrower before the agreement is signed, setting out the amount, tenure, charges and an all-inclusive annual percentage rate.
The document that exposes a processing fee deducted from the disbursal. A quoted interest rate hides it; an all-inclusive annual rate cannot.
A monthly disclosure by small cap and mid cap funds, in a format standardised by AMFI, showing how long the portfolio would take to liquidate alongside concentration, valuation and composition data.
Read it as an evacuation plan rather than a weather forecast. It does not say a fire is coming; it says how long the building takes to empty, which is a fact about the building and was measurable the whole time.
India’s default income tax structure, with wider slabs, a larger standard deduction and almost no other deductions.
The fixed thali. Cheaper for most salaried people who do not have a home loan, and it needs no paperwork.
The process by which a tolerated exception becomes the standard the next exception is measured from.
Nobody decides to take a large risk. They take one slightly larger than last time, it is fine, and that becomes the new baseline.
The mandated DRHP section listing what could go wrong.
Reads as boilerplate and is frequently specific and serious. Nobody reads it.
SEBI's online complaints redress system, where a grievance against a market intermediary is logged, tracked and escalated within a mandated response period.
The third stage of the escalation path, after the broker and the exchange, and free like all of them. It runs on written complaints with reference numbers, which is why a phone call is worth nothing here.
A periodically published figure for the total shares sold short in a security, standard in the United States and not published in that form here.
There is no Indian days-to-cover statistic to look up. A crowded short position shows up in derivatives open interest instead.
The date written into a scheme of arrangement from which the scheme treats the transfer of the undertaking as having taken effect.
It can sit a year or more before the tribunal sanctions the scheme, which is how a financial year you thought was closed gets reopened and re-presented. It is a legal date, not the date the accounting standard starts the restatement from.
A trailing stop placed a multiple of ATR below the highest high since entry.
The standard method, because it widens automatically as the stock gets wilder and tightens as it settles.
Financial statements combining the parent company and all its subsidiaries.
Always use these. Standalone accounts hide the debt and losses sitting in subsidiaries.
Draft Red Herring Prospectus — the offer document filed before an IPO.
Free, hundreds of pages, and it contains a legally mandated list of everything that could go wrong.
A distribution of returns in which very large moves occur far more often than a normal distribution predicts.
The main cause is duller than the name suggests: volatility changes, and pooling a calm stretch with a violent one into a single standard deviation produces both more tiny days and more enormous days than any single bell curve allows.
The BRSR section reporting board composition, independent directors, anti-corruption policy, and complaints received and resolved.
The most useful part of the filing, because it is standardised and therefore comparable across years and across companies. A rising unresolved complaint count is a signal in itself.
Assistance from government in return for compliance with conditions relating to a company’s operating activities, accounted for under Ind AS 20.
Recognised only when compliance and receipt are both reasonably assured. The standard permits more than one presentation for income-related grants, which is precisely why two companies in the same sector can show the same benefit in different places and both be right.
Changing the terms of an existing loan — extending the tenure, stepping the instalment down, or allowing a defined period of reduced payment — so that the account keeps performing.
It costs more interest over the life of the loan and preserves the word "closed" at the end of it. Far easier to arrange while the account is still standard.
National Pension System — a low-cost retirement account allowing up to 75% equity, locked until 60.
Very cheap equity exposure with a rigid retirement condition and a mandatory annuity at the end.
A quantified measure of how far price has moved from its own recent average.
Two standard deviations below a 20-day mean is overextension. "It has fallen a lot" is not.
Applying a change only from the date it is made, leaving prior periods exactly as previously reported.
The route for a change in estimate, and an option offered on transition to many new standards. It leaves a permanent, unlabelled step in any multi-year series.
The share of capital you accept losing on a single idea, fixed in advance and used to derive the quantity.
One percent is the standard for most professional discretionary traders, and it takes around seventy consecutive losses to halve an account. Decide the loss first; the number of shares is arithmetic afterwards.
Losses, debt or transactions parked in subsidiaries — often overseas ones — where they are harder to examine.
It shows as a large and growing gap between standalone and consolidated profit. A parent that looks healthy alone and weak consolidated is telling you where to look.
Preparing for a change in leadership before it is forced.
A non-family CEO with a real mandate is the strongest signal. A family member appointed straight to the board is the weakest.
The property of a framework that no observation can disprove, because it can always be relabelled to fit whatever happened.
When an Elliott count fails, the standard response is to renumber it rather than to conclude the method was wrong. A framework that cannot be wrong cannot be tested.